A quantitative framework for health‐care service quality assessment in India

PurposeThe present situation of COVID-19 pandemic has put the health-care systems under tremendous stress and stringent tests for their ability to offer expected quality of health-care services, as it decides the sustainability and growth of health-care service providers. This study aims to deliver a quantitative framework for service quality assessment in the health-care industry by classifying the health-care service quality parameters into four balanced scorecard (BSC) perspectives.Design/methodology/approachTo determine the service quality for the Indian health-care system, decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory and analytical network process are integrated in a fuzzy environment to contemplate the interaction among BSC perspectives and respective performance measures.FindingsThe results indicate "internal processes” perspective assumes the key role within BSC perspectives, while performance measures "nursing staff turnover” and "staff training” play the key roles. The results also signify that "patient satisfaction” is the most vital issue and can be strongly influenced by measures belonging to the "learning and growth” perspective. In "learning and growth” perspective, "staff training” is the most decisive criteria, very highly influencing "patient satisfaction”, highly influencing "profitability,” "change of cost per patient (both in and out patients)” and "outpatient waiting time” while moderately influencing "staff satisfaction,” "bed occupancy” and "nursing staff turnover”. Moreover, "staff training” criteria have a positive influence on "nursing staff turnover.”Originality/valueThe contributions of this study are in two folds in the domain of quantification of service quality for the health-care system. First, it delivers an assessment framework for Indian health-care service quality. Second, it demonstrates an application of the framework for a case situation and validates the proposed framework.

Developing a resilient healthcare supply chain to prevent disruption in the wake of emergency health crisis

PurposeThe study aims to identify and analyse the drivers of resilient healthcare supply chain (HCSC) preparedness in emergency health outbreaks to prevent disruption in healthcare services delivery in the context of India.Design/methodology/approachThe present study has opted for the grey clustering method to identify and analyse the drivers of resilient HCSC preparedness during health outbreaks into high, moderate and low important grey classes based on Grey-Delphi, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Shannon's information entropy (IE) theory.FindingsThe drivers of the resilient HCSC are scrutinised using the Grey-Delphi technique. By implementing AHP and Shannon's IE theory and depending upon structure, process and outcome measures of HCSC, eleven drivers of a resilient HCSC preparedness are clustered as highly important, three drivers into moderately important, and two drivers into a low important group.Originality/valueThe analysis and insights developed in the present study would help to plan and execute a viable, resilient emergency HCSC preparedness during the emergence of any health outbreak along with the stakeholders' coordination. The results of the study offer information, rationality, constructiveness, and universality that enable the wider application of AHP-IE/Grey clustering analysis to HCSC resilience in the wake of pandemics.

Getting it right in the pandemic

In a research paper that warrants close scrutiny by hospital administrators everywhere, Min Liu and colleagues find that none of 420 healthcare workers deployed to a hospital in Wuhan were infected with the virus, despite caring for severely ill patients and performing aerosol generating procedures over 6-8 weeks.3 The workers wore surgical masks and N95 respirators as well as protective suits and gowns, goggles, gloves, and face shields. The US and the UK missed the just right "Goldilocks zone” of hospital capacity by building temporary hospitals that remained mostly empty.6 How did this happen? "Bad modelling based on insufficient data,” says one expert. Missing the Goldilocks zone of hospital capacity during covid-19.

Fear the fear: the historical analogies of COVID-19 in US–China relations

The impacts of the novel coronavirus (hereafter COVID-19) pose one of the greatest crises of our generation. The policy decisions that the US and Chinese governments take will shape the current order of international relations, the global supply chain of medical supplies, and US–China relations. The COVID-19 crisis leads to the empirical puzzles: how do the two great world powers construct their narratives on the global pandemic and toward each other? What are the meanings, if any, of fear in US–China relations? This study explores the narrative of fear that is constituted in the US and China discourse. The historical analogies, such as the Boxer Indemnity, sick man of Asia, and Pearl Harbor attack, offer great examples to the political construction of the "fearful” other through specific representations amid the outbreak of COVID-19. Specifically, they have become the "cultural scripts” that define how they interact and who they are. The article proceeds as follows. First, this study examines the current literature of realism, constructivism, and discourse analysis. Second, it proposes a comparative framework for understanding the expressions of fear and threat perceptions for both countries. Specifically, the "Pearl Harbor Moment” from the US, and "the Boxer Indemnity” from the Chinese government substantially shape the landscape of US–China relations. Third, it highlights how the political elites appropriate these historical analogies in constructing their political identities and offers insights into the future of US–China relations. Finally, this article concludes with thoughts on the studies on the struggle of great powers and implications for pandemic politics.

Vaccination Identification System using Raspberry Pi

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Covid-19, an infectious illness. A methodology was created to track the vaccination history of people with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes Covid-19, an infectious illness. The system operates on a Raspberry Pi processor that is designed to authenticate the vaccination records of individuals. The Vaccination Identification System consists of various components connected to the Raspberry Pi Zero 2W microprocessor, Pi camera, an LCD display, LED indicators, a buzzer, a DC servo motor, and a PCB converter. The proposed system grants access to vaccinated individuals and denies access to those who are not vaccinated.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of the stranded seafarers

PurposeThis study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being and mental health of the seafarers who had to overstay on ships after their contracts expired, identifies topics that affect their mental distress and recommends measures to overcome these.Design/methodology/approachFour research questions about the impacts on the seafarers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were raised. A literature review and a questionnaire survey were conducted to find answers. Ship officers were asked to assess and fill in the questionnaires for the stranded seafarers onboard in order to collect sufficient samples rapidly for this study.FindingsDespite the guidelines provided by the shipping companies being adequate to protect the seafarers from COVID-19, their mental distress levels have been worsened under the pandemic. The crew change crisis causes anxiety and negatively impacts on their working performance;however, the repatriation expectation of the stranded seafarers is of the highest concern. Three topics were identified as having impacts on the mental health of the stranded seafarers: crew change crisis, low vaccination rate and the lack of key worker recognition. While international stakeholders are advocating for support in these issues, the shipping companies and the seafarers need to do their parts to exacerbate the mental distress, and to survive and thrive beyond the pandemic.Originality/valueThe findings of this study will help the shipping companies to navigate the challenges and the seafarers to overcome issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Covid-19: The support UK care homes need to survive

Help for the social care sector has come late in the day, but it's not just PPE and testing that it needs. Access to clinical expertise, palliative care, and bereavement support is also vital, reports Rachel Carter

The role of lean in healthcare during COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeThe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare operations has raised questions about the applicability and capacity of the lean approach to respond to critical events. Thus, with a dearth of studies addressing this issue, this study aims to understand the role of lean in healthcare operations under the disruptive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on a case study carried out in an emergency department in Brazil during the COVID-19 outbreak, the author presents results from semi-structured interviews and document analysis.FindingsThe results show three prominent themes that respond to this study's purpose: lean applicability during the pandemic, lean challenges during the pandemic and the pandemic impact on the lean processes. Furthermore, the study underscores that lean is not the panacea to operational problems caused by the pandemic in healthcare organisations, but it eases the impact on their operations. Finally, this study contributes to the discipline of operations management and highlights the need to rethink lean applications during disruptive events, focusing on flexibility, adaptability and patients' needs.Research limitations/implicationsThe literature addressing the pandemic impact on healthcare operations is still new and emerging;therefore, it is possible that some of the studies that are under review and could contribute to this study were not considered.Practical implicationsThe study provides a better understanding of the lessons learned from the real-world experiences gained during the pandemic, helping managers to make informed decisions when developing contingency plans to improve healthcare readiness and responsiveness under crisis conditions (e.g. untenable demand and constrained capacity).Originality/valueGiven the contemporary nature of this pandemic, only few emerging studies addressing the impact of the pandemic on lean healthcare operations are available and scholars are calling for more empirical studies. Furthermore, there is an increasing criticism and scepticism about the applicability of lean in healthcare during a pandemic. Thus, this research both provides original contributions by responding to scholars' calls for novel research in this area and further contributes towards filling the void in the literature.

Meta-analysis of Perceptions of Occupational Risks in the COVID-19 Era

Received: 06-Feb-2023, Manuscript No. iphsj-23-13598;Editor assigned: 09-Feb-2023, Pre-QC No. iphsj-23-13598 (PQ);Reviewed: 30-Mar-2023, QC No. iphsj-23-13598;Revised: 04Apr-2023, Manuscript No. iphsj-23-13598 (R);Published: 11-Apr-2023, DOI: 10.36648/1791809X.17.4.1012 Introduction Until November 2022, the pandemic has claimed the lives of five million, although international health systems such as the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization recognize the underreporting of community transmission. [...]the mitigation and containment policies of the pandemic through the implementation of distancing, confinement and immunization strategies limit the workplace and reorient it towards biosafety guidelines [9] In this situation, the theory of prospective decisions explains the relationships between leaders and talents in the face of contingent events [10] The theoretical approach raises differences between those who make decisions and those who abide by them [11]. Risks are also the result of their determinants, as is the case with the perception of control The emergence of self-control is the product of a high expectation of risk, but also of experiences of control that guide the individual to assume self-efficacy in health care. [...]the modeling of perception or expectation biases in the face of a risk such as infection, disease or death from COVID-19 has not been clarified.

Countering Beijing's Media Manipulation

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has long sought to influence media coverage about China in other countries. Over the past decade, this campaign has accelerated, reaching new world regions and topics. This article examines how CCP-linked actors seek to manipulate foreign information environments in four key ways: disseminating propaganda, spreading disinformation, censoring critical coverage, and controlling the infrastructure used to convey news. This article considers which efforts have yielded gains for the regime, obstacles that Beijing has encountered, and the response of nongovernmental actors. It concludes by considering how to enhance democratic resilience to the covert and coercive dimensions of the CCP's global media influence.

Pandemic COVID-19 ends but soil pollution increases: Impacts and a new approach for risk assessment.

For three years, a large amount of manufactured pollutants such as plastics, antibiotics and disinfectants has been released into the environment due to COVID-19. The accumulation of these pollutants in the environment has exacerbated the damage to the soil system. However, since the epidemic outbreak, the focus of researchers and public attention has consistently been on human health. It is noteworthy that studies conducted in conjunction with soil pollution and COVID-19 represent only 4 % of all COVID-19 studies. In order to enhance researchers' and the public awareness of the seriousness on the COVID-19 derived soil pollution, we propose the viewpoint that "pandemic COVID-19 ends but soil pollution increases" and recommend a whole-cell biosensor based new method to assess the environmental risk of COVID-19 derived pollutants. This approach is expected to provide a new way for environmental risk assessment of soils affected by contaminants produced from the pandemic.

Overcoming Chip Shortages: Low-Cost Open-Source Parametric 3-D Printable Solderless SOIC to DIP Breakout Adapters

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerability of global supply chains of many products. One area that requires improved supply chain resilience and that is of particular importance to electronic designers is the shortage of basic dual in-line package (DIP) electronic components commonly used for prototyping. This anecdotal observation was investigated as a case study of using additive manufacturing to enforce contact between premade, off-the-shelf conductors to allow for electrical continuity between two arbitrary points by examining data relating to the stock quantity of electronic components, extracted from Digi-Key Electronics. This study applies this concept using an open hardware approach for the design, testing, and use of a simple, parametric, 3-D printable invention that allows for small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) components to be used in DIP package circuits (i.e., breadboards, protoboards, etc.). The additive manufacture breakout board (AMBB) design was developed using two different open-source modelers, OpenSCAD and FreeCAD, to provide reliable and consistent electrical contact between the component and the rest of the circuit and was demonstrated with reusable 8-SOIC to DIP breakout adapters. The three-part design was optimized for manufacturing with RepRap-class fused filament 3-D printers, making the AMBB a prime candidate for use in distributed manufacturing models. The AMBB offers increased flexibility during circuit prototyping by allowing arbitrary connections between the component and prototyping interface as well as superior organization through the ability to color-code different component types. The cost of the AMBB is CAD $0.066/unit, which is a 94% saving compared to conventional PCB-based breakout boards. Use of the AMBB device can provide electronics designers with an increased selection of components for through-hole use by more than a factor of seven. Future development of AMBB devices to allow for low-cost conversion between arbitrary package types provides a path towards more accessible and inclusive electronics design as well as faster prototyping and technical innovation.

Modification of the Aeration-Supplied Configuration in the Biodrying Process for Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Production

Biodrying is an essential part of the mechanical–biological treatment process that minimizes moisture content and simultaneously maximizes heating value for refuse-derived fuel (RDF) production. Although the mechanical separation process operates effectively in Thailand's RDF production, high organic content levels and their degradation cause moisture contamination in RDF, producing wet RDF. Aeration is essential for an effective biodrying process, and can reduce RDF's moisture content as well as increase its heating value. To maximize the biodrying effect, aeration should be optimized based on the waste conditions. This study proposes a modified aeration-supplied configuration for wet RDF biodrying. The aeration rate was modified based on the period within the biodrying operation;the first period is from the beginning until day 2.5, and the second period is from day 2.5 to day 5. The optimal aeration supply configuration was 0.5 m3/kg/day in the first period and then 0.3 m3/kg/day until the end of the process;this configuration yielded the greatest moisture content decrease of 35% and increased the low heating value of the biodried product by 11%. The final moisture content and low heating value were 24.07% and 4787 kcal/kg, respectively. Therefore, this optimal aeration-supplied configuration could be applied to meet the moisture content and low heating value requirements of the RDF production standard for Thailand's local cement industry.

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS

Democracy Worldwide v. United States No. 20-782C Filed: September 30, 2020· OPINION BLAKE, J. This case arises out of a grant awarded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to Democracy Worldwide (DW), as authorized by the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020, Pub. USAID sought applications for programs to increase protection for human rights defenders through various methods, including, but not limited to, strengthening civil society capacity to conduct civic education and activism, bolstering protections for journalists and human rights advocates, and conducting strategic civil and human rights-based litigation. [...]DW's Program Manager, Amanda McDowell, contacted Justin Baird, the Agreements Officer Representative (AOR) at USAID, to alert him that the training would need to make certain adjustments. The cheapest option per mask was a manufacturer that required a 500-mask minimum. Because the COVID-19 pandemic appeared that it would last beyond the first training, DW decided to order 500 masks.

BRIEF OF CONTRACTOR-APPELLANT, DEMOCRACY WORLDWIDE

Dep'ts and Agencies (Jan. 05, 2021), https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01 /M-21-11.pdf 226 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), USAID (Mar. 21, 2020), https:/ www.usaid.gov/coronavirus [http://web.archive.org /web/20200321032153] 217 U.S. Gov't Accountability Off., GAO-12-331G, Government Auditing Standards (2018) 218 OTHER AUTHORITIES Advice on the Use of Masks in the Community, During Home Care, and in Health Care Settings in the Context of COVID-19, WHO (Mar. 19, 2020), https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331493 /WHO-2019-nCoV-IPC_Masks-2020.2-eng.pdf?sequence= 14&isAllowed=y 218 Amindeh Blaise Atabong, In Cameroon, Face Masks Are Compulsory-But Unaffordable for Many, Mail & Guardian (Apr. 18, 2020), https:// mg.co.za/article/2020-04-18-in-cameroon-face-masks-are -compulsory-but-unaffordable-for-many 217, 218 Cost of Living in Yaounde, Numbeo, https://www.numbeo.com/cost -of-living/in/Yaounde-Cameroon (last visited Mar. 5, 2021) 218 Fadela Chaib, Shortage of Personal Protective Equipment Endangering Health Workers Worldwide, WHO (Mar. 02, 2020), https://www .who.int/news/item/03-03-2020-shortage-of-personal-protective -equipment-endangering-health-workers-worldwide 217 How COVID-19 Spreads, CDC (last updated Oct. 28, 2020), https:// www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how -COVID-spreads.html. 216 How Much Water Do You Use at Home?, U.S. Geological Surv. (last visited Mar. 5, 2021), https://water.usgs.gov/edu/activity -percapita.php 218 Scott S. Sheffler, A Reasoned Case for a "Grant Disputes Act," 47 Pub. L.J. 209 (2018) 207 STATEMENT OF RELATED CASES Pursuant to Rule 47.5 of the Federal Circuit Rules of Practice, Democracy Worldwide is unaware of another appeal in or from the same civil action or proceeding in the lower court or body that was previously before this Court or another appellate court. In November 2019, the Center of Excellence on Democracy, Human Rights, and Governance, which is part of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), published a Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO), announcing that USAID had $8,000,000 for human rights programming awards to increase protection for human rights defenders in Central Africa. Democracy Worldwide proposed a program to support human rights defenders in Cameroon by strengthening the normative frameworks and institutional architecture that would help Cameroon respect its human rights obligations and by building the capacity of civil society actors to promote those rights, monitor compliance, and demand accountability.

The Essential Role of Population Health During and Beyond COVID-19

Am J Manag Care. 2021;27(3):123-128. https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2021.88511 _____ Takeaway Points Robust population health management integrates analytics and agile clinical programs and is adaptable to optimize outcomes and reduce risk during population-level crises. * The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic revealed the tenuousness of care delivery based on fee-for-service reimbursement models. * Population-level data and care management facilitate identification of demographic-based disparities and community outreach. * Telemedicine and integrated behavioral health have ensured primary care and specialty access, and mobile health and postacute interventions shifted site of care and optimized hospital utilization. * Beyond the pandemic, population health is a cornerstone of a resilient health system and can improve public health while mitigating risk in a value-based paradigm. _____ Prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the US health care system was in the midst of major transformation—shifting away from the inefficiencies of fee-for-service toward value and patient-centeredness. [...]registries for hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease identified the highest-risk patients to receive laboratory monitoring or medical procedures, prioritizing those who were likely to need dialysis in the near future.5,6 Similarly, a registry of patients with frailty, defined by the Johns Hopkins ACG System, was used to identify patients for augmented home-based care and goals of care outreach.7,8 Care Management: Delivering Public Health to High-risk Patients and Addressing Disparities For the last decade, the integrated care management program (iCMP) has been an essential component of PHS population health to coordinate care, improve outcomes, and reduce cost for high-risk patients by leveraging a dedicated nurse, social worker, or community health worker.9,10 This team was utilized as a public health workforce to provide outreach to patients at increased risk for adverse outcomes, including elderly patients, frail patients, and those with complex health conditions. The Home Hospital program provides inpatient level of care to low-acuity patients in their homes, and the Mobile Integrated Health (MIH) program uses paramedics to further support home-based care delivery.12 During the pandemic, these programs expanded capacity to prevent potential COVID-19 exposure in patients requiring hospital care and to monitor patients with COVID-19 who were recovering at home, reducing inpatient utilization and preserving higher-acuity resources.13 Within the first 46 days of MIH expansion, teams evaluated 102 patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19, with 92.2% of patients able to continue care at home. Postacute care is critical to identify safe locations for patients with and without COVID-19 to recover and to maintain inpatient hospital capacity.14 PHS mobilized an existing collaborative of long-term acute care hospitals and skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) to address the surge in postacute capacity by creating unified admission plans, creating COVID-19–specific SNFs, and supporting personal protective equipment (PPE) provision to facilities.15 This team's expertise was extended to support the creation of a 1000-bed field facility called Boston Hope Medical Center, with a dual focus on respite care for homeless populations and postacute care for those recovering from COVID-19.16 The University of Washington also collaborated with postacute partners to develop a comprehensive strategy for COVID-19, which included establishing clear criteria for facility admission, providing PPE training, equipping testing supplies, and developing isolation plans.17 Population-based postacute strategies during the pandemic helped prevent delays in discharge, spread of infection, and overwhelmed facilities to mitigate the effects of the public health crisis.14,18 Behavioral Health: Providing Psychological Support at a Time of Great Need COVID-19 has brought numerous mental health challenges due to elevated stress, financial insecurity, and exposure to traumatic events.19 To address these needs, we adapted existing programs in behavioral health management, substance use disorders, and digital health.

Interval-valued probabilistic uncertain linguistic decision-making method based on improved distance and similarity.

Aiming at the multi-attribute group decision-making problem with interval-valued probabilistic uncertain linguistic term set (IVPULTS) and unknown expert weights, this paper proposed a decision-making method combining distance and similarity. Firstly, it employed the interval dominance degree method to rank interval-valued probabilities to form an ordered IVPULTS since the disorder of elements in IVPULTS causes the existing distance measure and decision-making result to be non-unique. At the same time, it expanded the existing distance by using the interval linguistic term distance measuring method considering the poor discriminative power. Secondly, based on the dual relationship between distance and similarity measures, this paper defined the distance similarity formula and determined the weights of different experts using the improved similarity-trust network analysis method. Next, it designed a TOPSIS decision-making method based on improved distance and similarity-trust network (IDSTN-TOPSIS) to obtain a unique and stable ranking of the alternatives. Finally, taking the selection of resilient suppliers of a medical supplies manufacturing company under COVID-19 as an example, experimental results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] 针对属性值为区间值概率不确定语言术语集（interval-valued probabilistic uncertain linguistic term set, IVPULTS）、专家权重未知的多属性群决策问题，提出一种融合距离和相似度的决策方法。首先，由于现有的 IVPULTS中元素的无序性导致距离测度及决策结果不唯一，利用区间优势度方法对区间值概率进行排序，从而 形成有序的IVPULTS；同时考虑到现有距离测度区分能力不高，利用不确定语言距离度量方法扩充现有距离公 式。其次，基于距离与相似测度存在的对偶关系，为IVPULTS定义了距离相似度公式，并利用改进的相似—信 任网络分析法确定不同专家的权重。再次，设计了基于改进距离和相似—信任网络的TOPSIS决策方法（improved distance and similarity-trust network TOPSIS，IDSTN-TOPSIS），从而得到唯一且稳定的方案排序。最后，以新 冠疫情下某医疗用品制造公司熔喷布弹性供应商选择为例，验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性。 (Chinese) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Application Research of Computers / Jisuanji Yingyong Yanjiu is the property of Application Research of Computers Edition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

International Student Mobility in Crises: Globalization and Foucault's Rhetoric Question

(1999) understand globalization as "a process (or set of processes) which embodies a transformation in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions—assessed in terms of their extensity, intensity, velocity and impact—generating transcontinental or interregional flows and networks of activity, interaction, and the exercise of power” (p. 6). Discussion: "Neoliberal globalization” and student mobility in crises I personally use the term neoliberal globalization in that I critique "neoliberalism as an ideology, political philosophy, economic doctrine and policy model has been embraced by many Western countries and multilateral institutions and embedded in contemporary globalization” (Zheng & Kapoor, 2020, Neoliberal globalization and opening-up section, para. 1) and argue ISM across national borders has been significantly influenced by neoliberal globalization and neoliberalism-doctrined supranational organizations like the World Trade Organization and the World Bank, which promote the removal of barriers and the liberalization of international trade. [...]ISM can be regarded as a flow because it bears the specific social and educational meaning and has caused some global effects as an increasing number of international students cross borders for education (Zheng, 2010). [...]China's outbound ISM might be affected in that it is confined to many uncertain factors, such as the capacity of foreign higher education institutions, available financial support for Chinese students from the Chinese government, students' family, or foreign higher education institutions, and visa requirement of foreign countries.

Customer preference in food vendor during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of university student

The canteen is the public place that sells and serves foods and drinks to the consumer. The study aimed to determine the attributes considered important for the consumer to select the food vendor during the COVID-19 pandemic at the BINUS University, Alam Sutera Campus canteen. The study was conducted by using conjoint analysis in which respondents were Bina Nusantara University students (n = 100) who had visited and consumed food in the canteen of BINUS University, Alam Sutera Campus. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic changed the crucial attributes for the consumer to select the food vendor. Nowadays, the attributes with the highest to the lowest importance values are personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, price, and food freshness. Therefore, the respondent will consider buying food from food vendors that promote their staff's hygiene, such as wearing masks, gloves, head covering, and washing hands. Besides, the respondents preferred the food vendor with a clean display window, within the price of 20.000 – 25.000 IDR, and freshly-cooked food.